To make a valid will in Colorado you must be at least 18 years old and of sound mind, put your wishes in writing, sign the document, and have at least two competent witnesses sign it in your presence. Skipping any one of these steps under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-502 can leave your estate in intestacy, decided by state law instead of you.
Key Takeaways
- Colorado requires a written will signed by the testator and witnessed by at least two people under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-502.
- A self-proving affidavit under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-504 lets your executor skip live witness testimony in probate court.
- A fully handwritten, signed will can be valid in Colorado without witnesses, but it invites more scrutiny.
- You can update or revoke your will at any point while you have capacity, and a will builder keeps the paperwork current as your life changes.
Putting off a will is not neutral. If you die without one in Colorado, the state's intestacy rules decide who inherits, not you. Start with our Colorado estate planning overview if you want the bigger picture before you draft anything, and see how a living trust in Colorado compares if you want to avoid probate entirely.
Who Can Make a Valid Will in Colorado?
Under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-502, you must be at least 18 and of sound mind to execute a will in Colorado. Sound mind generally means you understand that you are making a will, roughly what you own, and who would naturally inherit from you. Being under a conservatorship does not automatically disqualify you, but a court may look closely at capacity if a will is contested later. If you expect a challenge, talk to a local attorney before you sign anything.
Beyond capacity, the document itself has to meet three formal requirements: it must be in writing, signed by you (or by someone else at your direction and in your presence), and witnessed by at least two people who watched the signing or your acknowledgment of it. Miss one of these and the will can be thrown out entirely, which is functionally the same as never writing one.
How to Make a Will in Colorado: Step by Step
- Inventory your assets. List real property, accounts, vehicles, and anything you want to name a specific heir for.
- Choose your beneficiaries and shares. Decide who gets what, and name contingent beneficiaries in case someone predeceases you.
- Name an executor. Pick someone willing and able to handle paperwork, pay debts, and distribute property under Colorado probate procedure.
- Name a guardian if you have minor children. This is often the single biggest reason parents finally sign a will.
- Put the will in writing. Typed is standard and easiest to defend in probate court.
- Sign in front of two competent witnesses. Under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-502, both witnesses must watch you sign, or watch you acknowledge your signature, and then sign themselves.
- Add a self-proving affidavit. Under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-504, a notarized affidavit from you and your witnesses lets the court accept the will without tracking anyone down later.
- Store the original safely and tell your executor where to find it, whether that is a fireproof safe, a bank box, or with the court if Colorado allows filing for safekeeping.
What Are Colorado's Witness and Signature Rules?
Colorado requires at least two witnesses to a will under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-502. Both witnesses must be present when you sign, or when you acknowledge that the signature is yours, and each must sign the document themselves, typically in your presence and in the presence of each other. Using a beneficiary as a witness is legally risky. Some states reduce or void that person's inheritance if they also served as a witness, so it is safer to use two people who inherit nothing under the will.
Notarization of the will itself is not a substitute for witnesses. A notary stamp on an unwitnessed document does not make it valid in Colorado. The notary only matters for the optional self-proving affidavit described below.
Does Colorado Recognize Handwritten (Holographic) Wills?
Colorado allows a holographic will, one that is entirely in the testator's own handwriting and signed, without witnesses. Courts still require proof of the handwriting and testamentary intent, and a holographic will is far easier to challenge than a properly witnessed one under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-502. Treat it as a fallback, not a plan.
Should You Add a Self-Proving Affidavit?
Yes, in nearly every case. A self-proving affidavit under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-504 is a sworn statement, signed by you and your witnesses in front of a notary, confirming that the will was signed properly. Without it, your executor may need to track down a witness years later, sometimes after that witness has moved, become incapacitated, or died, to testify that the signing happened the way the law requires. With the affidavit in place, the court can admit the will on the strength of the sworn statement alone, which shortens probate and reduces the odds of a technical challenge.
How Do You Update or Revoke a Will in Colorado?
You can revoke or replace a Colorado will any time you have capacity. The cleanest methods are executing a new will that expressly revokes the old one, or physically destroying the original with intent to revoke it. Do not rely on crossing out language or scribbling changes in the margins after the fact. Those edits can create ambiguity that invites a will contest instead of resolving one. If your life changes, marriage, divorce, a new child, a move out of Colorado, revisit the document rather than patching it, and confirm your named executor and guardian are still the right choices.
DIY Will vs Hiring a Colorado Estate Attorney
A straightforward estate, one home, a handful of accounts, clear beneficiaries, is well within reach of a guided DIY will builder that walks you through Colorado's execution rules. Complex situations change the math: blended families, a business, a beneficiary with special needs, or an estate likely to be contested. In those cases, an attorney's judgment on structure and contest-proofing is worth paying for. Cost should not be the reason you go without a will at all. A guided will package costs a fraction of an attorney-drafted document and still meets Colorado's execution requirements when you follow the signing instructions exactly. Pair it with a review of your power of attorney options in Colorado so incapacity, not just death, is covered too.
What Happens If You Die Without a Will in Colorado?
If you die intestate in Colorado, state law decides who inherits, and it is rarely what people assume. Spouses do not automatically get everything if there are children from another relationship, and unmarried partners inherit nothing under intestacy. See our full breakdown of what happens if you die without a will in Colorado for the exact distribution rules by family situation.
Is a Will Enough, or Do You Need More?
A will covers what happens to your property after you die. It does nothing for you while you are alive but incapacitated. That is a separate document, a power of attorney, and it is worth deciding whether you need a trust or just a will before you finalize your plan, especially if you own real estate or want to keep your estate out of probate court entirely.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a lawyer to make a will in Colorado?
No. Colorado law does not require an attorney to draft or execute a valid will. You do need to meet the writing, signature, and witness requirements under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-502.
Can I write my own will by hand in Colorado?
Yes, a will entirely in your own handwriting and signed can be valid in Colorado without witnesses, but it is harder to prove later and easier to contest.
How many witnesses does Colorado require for a will?
Colorado requires two witnesses who watch you sign, or watch you acknowledge your signature, and then sign the will themselves under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-502.
Does my Colorado will need to be notarized?
No, notarization is not required to make the will itself valid. A notary is required only if you add a self-proving affidavit under Colo. Rev. Stat. section 15-11-504, which is optional but recommended.
Can I change my will after I sign it?
Yes. You can revoke or replace your will at any time while you have capacity, typically by executing a new will or a codicil, or by destroying the original with intent to revoke it.
